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Basic Trig Identities

In the right triangle below, side AC is fixed at 1 unit in length.

Move point B so that cosA is . What is the measure of angle A?

Move point B so that cos A is . (You might have to zoom out.) What is the measure of angle A?

Play around with the above triangle and make BC very big. What happens to cos A as BC gets bigger and bigger?

What happens to the measure of angle A as BC gets bigger and bigger?

Use the above exploration to speculate as to the value of .

Use the above exploration to speculate as to the value of .

Use the above exploration to speculate as to the value of .

PART 2

In the right triangle above, what is sin A?

In the right triangle above, what is cos B?

Explain why

Because sin A = cos B and B = 90 - A, we write . This is true for any angle A. This is called a cofunction identity. Write another cofunction identity based on this idea.

PART 3

Above is a 3-4-5 right triangle. Verify that the Pythagorean Theorem holds.

What is sin A?

What is cos A?

In the above right triangle, move point B so that the hypotenuse has length 1. (You may need to zoom in a bit).

Verify that the Pythagorean Theorem holds in this triangle.

What is sin A?

What is cos A?

Notice that when the hypotenuse has length 1, we have sin A = BC and cos A = AC. Notice also that . This is also written as . This is called the Pythagorean Identity and is true for any angle A.

BONUS In the above right triangle, verify the Pythagorean Identity. Do this by computing sin A and cos A and then showing that . Hint: You will need to use the relationship between a, b, and c in the right triangle.